These theories have been propounded by cooley, mead and of freud. Self concept in counselling pdf download on self concept. The development of the selfconcept self is a process, not a stnwture. There are three important theories to explain the development of self. As a psychological construct, the self has long occupied a preeminent place in both psychological and management theories regarding human behavior. Self and identity researchers have long believed that the self is both a product of situations and a shaper of behavior in situations. Given that selfconcept and school performance mutually influence each other, teachers and parents should aim to improve both academic achievement and selfconcept in students and address potential mediators. Selfconcept is the image that we have of ourselves. The selfcategorization theory developed by john turner states that the selfconcept consists of at least two levels. The proposed theory of selfconcept maintenance posits that people typically engage in dishonest behaviors and achieve.
Selfconcept selfconcept selfconcept is an individuals perception of self and is what helps make each individual unique. Selfconcept affects the ability to function and greatly influences health status. This paper discusses similarities and differences of three selfconcept maintenance theories, two founded on comparison of the self with the self, specifically, control theory of selfregulation and selfdiscrepancy theory, and one founded on comparison of the self to others, specifically, social comparison theory as depicted by a fictional. Social comparison, selfconsistency and the concept of self. A clients identity is assessed by asking the person to describe oneself. According to a theory known as social identity theory, self concept is composed of two key parts. High selfesteem leads a person towards great success. Selfconcept activities and lesson plans for preschoolers and older students pdf. Schema model of the selfconcept university of michigan. The organizational properties of the selfconcept and. It is basically how people define themselves, for example, i am caring, i am cheerful, i can sometimes be funny.
A total of 297 randomly selected junior high school students in the elmina township, ghana completed the questionnaire, comprising 40 closeended items related to students self. Mead, cooley, and several others, are well known to. One of the very basic assumptions of this theory is that no person is born with a selfconcept. Most of us are or will be somewhat depressed or disappointed and could use selfhelp.
Theories of selfconcept maintenance learning theories. Of the several theories above it can be concluded that self concept is an attitude of confidence and conviction about the advantages and disadvantages that exist in itself as well as its physical characteristics are formed through the perception. When it comes down to it, a selfconcept is a perception you have of your image, abilities, and in some ways a perception of your own individual uniqueness. Selfconcept and the theory of self stanford graduate. Pdf attempts to integrate phenomenological theories of the selfconcept into a broader framework compatible with an objective approach. Self and identity theories assume that people care about themselves. Like many topics within psychology, a number of theorists have proposed different ways of thinking about selfconcept. Theories of selfconcept maintenance best custom writings. This study tracked a similar group of juniorhigh students and. This is the most basic part of the selfscheme or selfconcept. The selfconcept the interactionist notions about the selfconcept, based on the writings of g. Selfconcept is basically to have awareness about ones own self how you perceive you are, how you think about yourself and how you evaluate yourself. The self concept is a central aspect of the personcentred approach to counselling. Both theories endeavour to explain how self concept is shaped on a personal and a social level.
Making sense of oneselfwho one is, was, and may become, and therefore the path one should take in the worldis a core selfproject. The dishonesty of honest people 7 most likely depend on the particular action, its symbolic value, its context, and its plasticity. Supers selfconcept theory by alexis mansinne on prezi. Self concept and its various types life successstory. In order for us to study this theory, we need to know first the history of the development of selfconcept theory. Theories of deviance and the selfconcept 191 the general direction of such critiques was the continuing attempt to specify an interactional model of deviance which would more clearly link structural conditions i. Positive and negative selfassessments in the physical, emotional, intellectual, and functional dimensions change over time. In the following sections we characterize these elements in a theory of selfconcept maintenance, and test the implications of this theory in a set of six experiments. Schema model of the selfconcept the total selfconcept the schema model leads to a distinctly different definition of the selfconcept than is commonly encountered in the nursing literature.
A clarification of the self concept in speech communication by benjamin ray mccorkle, b. Selfconcept is believed to develop as a person grows old. In this study, that work is extended to examine the association between the organizational properties of the selfconcept and instability of affect in adults with a major mental illness. What exactly is a selfconcept and how does it impact your. Supers selfconcept theory what did you want to be when you grew up. Self identity theory and research methods article pdf available in journal of research practice 82 november 2012 with 4,350 reads how we measure reads. Explain the various theories of the development of self. A theoretical approach to the selfconcept in eating disorders karen farchaus stein over the last several decades, the selfconcept has been implicated as a important determinant of eating disorders ed. This study investigated the influence of students selfconcept on their academic performance. R4l was designed to capitalize on theories from reading and. Everybody has certain beliefs about themselves, such as who or what they are, these beliefs form the self image and identity of a person. Positive selfconcept always strengthens the ability of reasoning, problem solving and efficiency of a child. From the previous theory, the first objective is to analyse the.
Overall, depression costs the country more in treatment and lost work than heart disease. A theory of selfesteem 1053 the extent to which an individual s view of the spouse was congruent with the spouse s selfviews on attributes relevant to their selfconcept. Smith 2012 observes the rogerian view of self concept is an amalgam made up of diverse elements and our relationship with them. The earliest milestone in the selfconcept theory is that of rene descartes, who proposed that a persons existence depended on how he perceives so. Self and identity usc dana and david dornsife college of. I am a fast runner, while selfesteem is evaluative and opinionated e. A thesis in speech submitted to the graduate faculty of texas tech university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of. Selfconcept helps everybody to grow properly and adjust properly. Figure 1 illustrates the selfconcept of a person named rachel, who. Theories, models and basic concepts introduction in this chapter we cover some of the basic theories and models that form the underpinnings on which the rest of the book are based and in the next chapter, we go into some issues of human performance in more detail. Aspects of selfconcept theory the selfconcept theory holds many assumptions about our personal judgment towards our selves.
A brief description of these theories is given below. The concept of self is relatively hard to describe, as the individual person, began to consider himself as an individual person, without considering him as a part of group or a society. How exactly does this selfimage form and change over time. If the horizons of psychology were more spacious than they are i venture to suggest that theories of per sonality would not need the concept of self or of ego. Individual researchers vary, of course, but generally, the divide can be thought of in these terms. Campbell coordinator of instructional rosoarch ond dvlopmnt services public schools, livonia, michigan there are various points of view about selfconcept and how it relates to a students performance in school. Personality self concept free download as powerpoint presentation. Research also suggests that each individual has a global or overall selfconcept that reflects how the individual evaluates his or her selfworth as a whole. Various researches have showed that hypnosis helps to enhance selfconcept and selfesteem. Here, we investigate how external and internal rewards work in concert to produce dishonesty. Your selfconcept is built upon perception upon how you perceive yourself based on the knowledge you have gained over a lifetime of experience. Understanding the content and structure of the self has been increasingly. Sirgy 1982 described the self concept as the persons reflection of. A theory of selfconcept maintenance abstract dishonesty plays a significant role in the economy.
Journal of personality and social psychology, 16, 148156. Also known as selfperspective, self identity, selfstructure or selfconstruction, this is the organised, complex system of. Theories of self concept like many topics within psychology, a number of theorists have proposed different ways of thinking about self concept. This image develops in a number of ways but is particularly influenced by our interactions with important people in our lives. Ones selfconcept is a collection of beliefs about oneself. Cooleys concept of self development has been termed lookingglass concept. Theories of selfconcept maintenance researchers have examined several ways in which individuals actively maintain their sense of self in what can collectively be termed selfconcept maintenance crisp and turner, 2010, p. The multiple selfaspects framework in the current work, a formulation of selfconcept structure is advanced, the multiple selfaspect framework msf. Chapter 15 selfconcept 317 identity identity is an individuals conscious description of who he is. Making sense of oneselfwho one is, was, and may become, and therefore the path one should take in the worldis a core self project. The idea of self can only develop if the individual can get outside himself in such a way as to become an object to himself. Epstein 1973 clarifies that, in a general way, self concept is understood as. Those inner psychological characteristics that both determine and reflects how a person responds to his or her environment.
A mixedmethods approach by kelley dawn drummond a thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy graduate department of applied psychology and human development. Selfconcept is distinguishable from selfawareness, which refers to the extent to which selfknowledge is defined, consistent, and currently applicable to ones attitudes and dispositions. Enhancing reading skills and reading selfconcept of. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Theories that explain the formation of self concept. Selfimage means what an individual thinks about himself. Rather than defining selfconcept as a single average view of the self i. Children work through a series of engaging activities to improve reading skills of sight word identification, phonological awareness, reading accuracy, and reading comprehension. The self theory comprises of four factors that are explained below. In fact, we could say that the concept of self or identity is essential to the process of finding meaning in the pain or the illness, and it is particularly useful for exploring the connections between a person, her body, her interpersonal relationships, and her attitude toward treatment and the health system in general.
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